The Field of View (FoV) is how much of a given scene is covered by your lens. How much can you see? A quite simple explanation can be given, using the focal lengths of your lenses. If you were to use a wide angled lens, such as the standard Canon 18-55mm kit lens, you will be able to see a lot more of your scene when using a focal length of 18mm, meaning it is a wide FoV. However, using a focal length of 55mm on that same lens will mean you have less of your scene visible, meaning it is a narrower FoV. If you were to go even further and use a lens with a focal length of 300mm, it would leave only a small section of your scene visible, simply because the FoV is so narrow.
The following image shows you exactly how wide or narrow your FoV would be at certain focal lengths.
I will try and illustrate what this would look like in practise, using some of my own photographs taken with focal lengths of 18mm, 55mm, 70mm and 300mm.
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| 18mm |
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| 55mm |
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| 70mm |
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| 300mm |
As you can see, there's a lot more of the scene visible in the photograph taken at a focal length of 18mm than there is in the photograph taken at 300mm. It's the same scene, but the FoV is much narrower at 300mm. For landscapes, photographers often use a wide FoV, to fit in as much of the landscape as possible.
Image Source:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/pallotron/1803416154/sizes/o/in/photostream/
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